Wiki source code of Basic design

Version 18.1 by sna on 2014/08/13 03:55

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1
2
3 {{toc/}}
4
5 We compose our railway controller from several train controllers, combined with controllers for mutual exclusion.
6
7 == Mutual Exclusion ==
8
9 === Normal segments ===
10
11 **For each block** we generate one mutex controller, similar to the following pattern.
12
13 [[image:attach:Mutex.png]]
14
15 **For each controlled train** one state and the corresponding transitions are added.
16
17 A train **must** signal the wish to enter a segment by setting the variable **bool <segment>_req[trainNum] **to true.
18 The right to enter a segement is given to the train by setting the variable **int <segment>_perm** to the train number.
19 After leaving a segment the train **must** remove its request by setting <segment>_req[trainNum] to false again.
20
21 For a free track the *_perm variable is set to -1 and all tracks, apart from starting positions, are initialized with -1. For the starting positions the *_perm variables are set to the corresponding train number and the *_req variable for the train is set to true.
22
23 **A train must not enter a segment or alter the settings of a segment without holding the lock for the segment. No exceptions from this rule are allowed.**
24
25 === Kicking Horse Pass ===
26
27 To prevent collisions on the track, a special controller manages the rights to enter or leave the Kicking Horse Pass.
28
29 [[image:attach:Mutex_KH.png]]
30
31 The controller splits the pass into two parts, //left// and //right//, corresponding to the track layout chart. [[(Simplified track layout)>>url:http://www.informatik.uni-kiel.de/~~railway/Downloads/kscheme.pdf||shape="rect"]]
32
33 Each part has two operational modes, //in// and //out//, being active when trains are allowed to either enter or leave the pass. When entering the pass the controller counts the entering trains and only lets two trains enter (one after the other). When leaving the pass the trains are removed from the counter, freeing space for the next train.
34
35 == Train controller ==
36
37 Each train controller is set in a separate region with a referenced state. This state has the following interface:
38
39
40 \\\\\\\\
41
42 {{{    input int *_perm;         # All permission variables (Tracks) input bool *_perm # KH permission variables   input int trainNum;    input bool cleanup; input bool debug; output bool *_req[]; # All request variables}}}
43
44 The train controller is composed of several //Station-2-Station// controllers. These are combined to form a complete schedule. Additionally, the cleanup signal has to be watched to abort the schedule and return back to the initial position.
45
46 === Structure ===
47
48 {{code linenumbers="true" language="sct"}}
49 //
50 // Structure of a train controller based on test case 2
51 //
52 scchart Test2 "Test of IC_JCT" {
53  // Set of request variables for all tracks for 11 trains
54 bool IC_JCT_0_req[11], IC_LN_0_req[11], IC_LN_1_req[11], IC_LN_2_req[11];
55 bool IC_LN_3_req[11], IC_LN_4_req[11], IC_LN_5_req[11], IC_ST_0_req[11];
56 bool IC_ST_1_req[11], IC_ST_2_req[11], IC_ST_3_req[11], IC_ST_4_req[11];
57 bool IO_LN_0_req[11], IO_LN_1_req[11], IO_LN_2_req[11], KH_LN_0_req[11];
58 bool KH_LN_1_req[11], KH_LN_2_req[11], KH_LN_3_req[11], KH_LN_4_req[11];
59 bool KH_LN_5_req[11], KH_LN_6_req[11], KH_LN_7_req[11], KH_LN_8_req[11];
60 bool KH_ST_0_req[11], KH_ST_1_req[11], KH_ST_2_req[11], KH_ST_3_req[11];
61 bool KH_ST_4_req[11], KH_ST_5_req[11], KH_ST_6_req[11], KIO_LN_0_req[11];
62 bool KIO_LN_1_req[11], OC_JCT_0_req[11], OC_LN_0_req[11], OC_LN_1_req[11];
63 bool OC_LN_2_req[11], OC_LN_3_req[11], OC_LN_4_req[11], OC_LN_5_req[11];
64 bool OC_ST_0_req[11], OC_ST_1_req[11], OC_ST_2_req[11], OC_ST_3_req[11];
65 bool OC_ST_4_req[11], OI_LN_0_req[11], OI_LN_1_req[11], OI_LN_2_req[11];
66
67 // Set of permission variables for all tracks
68  bool req_in_R, req_out_R, req_in_L, req_out_L, perm_in_R, perm_out_R, perm_in_L, perm_out_L;
69 int IC_JCT_0_perm, IC_LN_0_perm, IC_LN_1_perm, IC_LN_2_perm;
70 int IC_LN_3_perm, IC_LN_4_perm, IC_LN_5_perm, IC_ST_0_perm;
71 int IC_ST_1_perm, IC_ST_2_perm, IC_ST_3_perm, IC_ST_4_perm;
72 int IO_LN_0_perm, IO_LN_1_perm, IO_LN_2_perm, KH_LN_0_perm;
73 int KH_LN_1_perm, KH_LN_2_perm, KH_LN_3_perm, KH_LN_4_perm;
74 int KH_LN_5_perm, KH_LN_6_perm, KH_LN_7_perm, KH_LN_8_perm;
75 int KH_ST_0_perm, KH_ST_1_perm, KH_ST_2_perm, KH_ST_3_perm;
76 int KH_ST_4_perm, KH_ST_5_perm, KH_ST_6_perm, KIO_LN_0_perm;
77 int KIO_LN_1_perm, OC_JCT_0_perm, OC_LN_0_perm, OC_LN_1_perm;
78 int OC_LN_2_perm, OC_LN_3_perm, OC_LN_4_perm, OC_LN_5_perm;
79 int OC_ST_0_perm, OC_ST_1_perm, OC_ST_2_perm, OC_ST_3_perm;
80 int OC_ST_4_perm, OI_LN_0_perm, OI_LN_1_perm, OI_LN_2_perm;
81
82 // Debug flag for additional output
83 bool debug = false;
84 // Cleanup flag for halting the trains at home station tracks
85  bool cleanup = false;
86  // Variable, that gives the number of trains to C-Controller for stability check
87 int trainCount;
88
89 // Set of constants for binding to referenced SCCharts
90 const int c_EINS = 1;
91 const int c_ZWEI = 2;
92 const int c_DREI = 3;
93 const int c_VIER = 4;
94 const int c_FUENF = 5;
95
96 // State initializing the trains on corresponding tracks
97 initial state init references initRailway11Trains
98 --> run;
99
100 // State handling the train schedules
101 state run {
102 // Regions handling the mutual exclusion on the track segments
103 region Mutexes:
104  // State referenced to the MutexController for 11 Trains
105 initial state Mutexes references mutexRailway11Trains;
106
107 region KH_Mutexes:
108  // State referenced to additional MutexController for KH
109 initial state KH_Mutexes references kh_mutex;
110
111 // Regions that contain the schedules for individual trains
112 //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
113
114 // Region with schedule for train 4
115 region Train4 :
116  // State with the schedule for train 4
117 initial state train4 {
118
119 // Annotation for replacing following constant in the hostcode of referenced SCChart
120 @alterHostcode
121 // Number of the train for identifying on track segments
122 const int trainNum = 4;
123  // Variable specifying the track, where the train arrives at,
124 // and for transmitting the track number to next Station-2-Station controller
125 int arrivalTrack = 3;
126
127 // Schedule of train 4: train drives only in the IC, should use station track 3
128 // State Round referenced to ICIC Station-2-Station controller
129 initial state Round references ICIC
130 bind depTrack to arrivalTrack,
131 destTrack to c_DREI,
132 arrTrack to arrivalTrack
133  // Transition to checking state
134 >-> Choice;
135
136 // State for checking, when the train should halt and if the train is on corresponding track
137 state Choice
138 // Transition for driving additional circle, if cleanup = false or wrong track used
139 --> Round with !cleanup | !(arrivalTrack == 3)
140 // Transition to final state
141 --> Done;
142
143 final state Done;
144 };
145
146
147 // Region with schedule for train 5, identical to region above
148  region Train5 :
149 initial state train5 {
150
151 @alterHostcode
152 const int trainNum = 5;
153 int arrivalTrack = 2;
154
155 initial state Round references ICIC
156 bind depTrack to arrivalTrack,
157 destTrack to c_ZWEI,
158 arrTrack to arrivalTrack
159 >-> Choice;
160
161 state Choice
162 --> Round with !cleanup | !(arrivalTrack == 2)
163 --> Done;
164
165 final state Done;
166
167 };
168
169
170 // Region with schedule for train 9, identical to region above
171 region Train9 :
172 initial state train9 {
173
174 @alterHostcode
175 const int trainNum = 9;
176 int arrivalTrack = 1;
177
178 initial state Round references ICIC
179 bind depTrack to arrivalTrack,
180 destTrack to c_EINS,
181 arrTrack to arrivalTrack
182 >-> Choice;
183
184 state Choice
185 --> Round with !cleanup | !(arrivalTrack == 1)
186 --> Done;
187
188 final state Done;
189 };
190
191
192 // Region with schedule for train 7
193 region Train7 :
194 initial state train7 {
195
196 @alterHostcode
197 const int trainNum = 7;
198 int arrivalTrack = 1;
199
200 // Schedule of train 7: train drives from OC-Station track 1 to IC-Station track 2 and back
201 // arrivalTrack used for transmitting the number of station track where train arrived on
202 // to next controller where the train starts on
203 initial state OCtoIC references OCIC
204 bind depTrack to arrivalTrack,
205 destTrack to c_ZWEI,
206 arrTrack to arrivalTrack
207  // Transition to next Station-2-Station controller
208 >-> ICtoOC;
209
210 state ICtoOC references ICOC
211 bind depTrack to arrivalTrack,
212 destTrack to c_EINS,
213 arrTrack to arrivalTrack
214  // Transition to checking state because train at home station
215 >-> Choice;
216
217 // State for checking, when the train should halt and if the train is on corresponding track
218 state Choice
219 // Transition for driving additional circle, if cleanup = false or wrong track used
220  --> OCtoIC with !cleanup | !(arrivalTrack == 1)
221 // Transition to final state
222 --> Done;
223
224 final state Done;
225 };
226 };
227 }
228 {{/code}}
229
230
231
232 == Station-2-Station controller ==
233
234 Each Station-2-Station controller realizes the movement from one of the stations (IC,OC,KH) to another station. All controllers using IC or OC parts have to respect the traveling directions. For the Kicking Horse Pass two separate controllers, forwards and backwards, are used.
235
236 The controllers starting from Kicking Horse Pass Station make an assumption of the direction of the train. These are dependent on the directions of the inner or outer circle, e.g. the KHIC controller starts backwards because this is the only valid direction to travel this path. To drive a train from the Kicking Horse Station (facing forward) to the Inner Circle we have to combine the KHOC and OCIC controllers.
237
238 [[image:attach:ICIC.png]]
239
240 When arriving on a station the train controller **must** first call the function //void railArrival(int train, int station)//. This starts the waiting timer for the train.
241 Next the train **must** wait for// int railDeparture(int train)// to return 1.
242 After the waiting has finished the controller can reach a final state and pass the control back to the train controller.
243
244 === Structure  ===
245
246 {{code linenumbers="true" language="sct"}}
247 //
248 // Structure of a Station-2-Station controller from Station * to Station *
249 //
250 scchart STST " * to * Controller " {
251
252 // Set of permission variables for required tracks
253 input int *_perm;
254
255 // Set of request variables for required tracks for 11 trains
256 output bool *_req[11];
257
258 // Train number
259 input int trainNum;
260
261 // Number of the departure track in a station
262 input int depTrack;
263
264 // Number of the destination track in a station
265 input int destTrack;
266
267 // Cleanup flag for selecting the destination track
268 input bool cleanup;
269
270 // Debug flag for additional output
271 input bool debug;
272
273 // Arrival track
274 output int arrTrack;
275
276 // Variable with value for arrTrack for selecting correct station elements
277 int i_arrOnTrack;
278
279 // Handles departing from a station *
280 initial state *_ST {
281 // hostcode call for additional output when debug
282 entry debug / 'println([trainNum][ST-ST] ... )';
283
284 // State, which sets requests for needed tracks
285 initial state waitForPerm {
286 entry / *_ST_4_req[trainNum] = true;
287 entry / *_LN_0_req[trainNum] = true;
288 }
289 // Transition is taken, if all permissions are received
290 --> gotPerm with (*_ST_4_perm == trainNum) & (*_LN_0_perm == trainNum)
291 // Transition is taken, if some (not all) permissions are received
292 --> backOff with (*_ST_4_perm == trainNum) | (*_LN_0_perm == trainNum);
293
294 // State for waiting an additional tick when not all permissions are received
295 state backOff
296 --> backOff1;
297
298 // State, which releases the requests for needed tracks
299 state backOff1 {
300 entry / *_ST_4_req[trainNum] = false;
301 entry / *_LN_0_req[trainNum] = false;
302 }
303 // Transition to repeat requesting permissions procedure
304 --> waitForPerm;
305
306 final state gotPerm;
307 }
308 // Transition to the departure state
309 >-> Dep_*_ST;
310
311 // State, which handles the departure of a train
312 state Dep_*_ST {
313 // Set of entry-Actions with hostcode calls to set tracks, points and signals according to depTrack
314 entry / 'railPoint(*,STRAIGHT)';
315 entry / 'railSignal(*_LN_0, FWD, RED)';
316 entry / 'railTrack(*_LN_0,FWD,trainNum,NORMAL)';
317 entry / 'railTrack(*_ST_4,FWD,trainNum,NORMAL)';
318 entry depTrack == 1 / 'railSignal(*_ST_1, FWD, GREEN)';
319 entry depTrack == 2 / 'railSignal(*_ST_2, FWD, GREEN)';
320 entry depTrack == 3 / 'railSignal(*_ST_3, FWD, GREEN)';
321 //...
322 // Transition to next track segment, if contact is triggered
323 } --> *_LN_0 with 'railContact(*_LN_0,0)';
324
325
326
327 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
328 // Set of track segment controlling states such as follows
329 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
330
331 // Transition to next track segment, if contact is triggered
332 state *_LN_0 {
333 // Hostcode calls for outputs
334 entry / 'println("[trainNum][ST-ST] Entering *_LN_0")';
335 entry debug / 'println("[trainNum][ST-ST] Requesting permission for *_LN_1")';
336 // Entry-Actions with hostcode calls to set previous signal according to depTrack to RED
337 entry depTrack == 1 / 'railSignal(*_ST_1, FWD, RED)';
338 entry depTrack == 2 / 'railSignal(*_ST_2, FWD, RED)';
339 entry depTrack == 3 / 'railSignal(*_ST_3, FWD, RED)';
340 // Requesting the next track segment
341 entry / *_LN_1_req[trainNum] = true;
342
343 // Region for handling train driving
344 region Travel:
345 initial state Entry
346 // Transition to continuing state, if permitted
347 --> Continue with 'railContact(*_LN_0,0)' & (*_LN_1_perm == trainNum)
348 // Transition to slowing down else
349 --> Slowdown with 'railContact(*_LN_0,0)';
350
351 // State for slowing down the train
352 state Slowdown {
353 entry debug / 'println("[trainNum][ST-ST] Slowing down on *_LN_0")';
354 // Entry-Action with hostcode calls for slowing down the train
355 entry / 'railTrack(*_LN_0,FWD,trainNum,CAUTION)';
356 }
357 // Transition to waiting state
358 --> Waiting with 'railContact(*_LN_0,1)'
359 // Transition to continuing state, if permitted
360 --> Continue with *_LN_1_perm == trainNum;
361
362 // State for train waiting on permission
363 state Waiting {
364 entry debug / 'println("[trainNum][ST-ST] Stopping on *_LN_0")';
365 // Entry-Action with hostcode call for stopping the train
366 entry / 'railTrackBrake(*_LN_0)';
367 }
368 --> Continue with *_LN_1_perm == trainNum;
369
370 // State to continuing driving on the track
371 final state Continue {
372 entry debug / 'println("[trainNum][ST-ST] Continuing on *_LN_0")';
373 // Entry-Actions with hostcode calls to set tracks and signals for driving
374 entry / 'railSignal(*_LN_0,FWD,GREEN)';
375 entry / 'railTrack(*_LN_0,FWD,trainNum,NORMAL)';
376 entry / 'railTrack(*_LN_1,FWD,trainNum,NORMAL)';
377 entry / 'railSignal(*_LN_1, FWD, RED)';
378 };
379
380 // Region for handling cleanup functionalities
381 region Cleanup:
382 initial state Entry
383 // Transition to cleanup state
384 --> cleanup with 'railContact(*_LN_0,0)';
385
386 // State for cleaning up the previous track segments
387 final state cleanup {
388 entry debug / 'println("[trainNum][ST-ST] Entered *_LN_0 completely")';
389 // Entry-Action with hostcode call to switching off the previous track
390 entry / 'railTrackOff(*_ST_4)';
391 // Entry-Action to release the previous track
392 entry / *_ST_4_req[trainNum] = false;
393 };
394 // Transition to transitional state
395 }>-> *_LN_0_*_LN_1;
396
397 state *_LN_0_*_LN_1
398 // Transition to next track segment, if contact is triggered
399 --> *_LN_1 with 'railContact(*_LN_1,0)';
400
401 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
402
403
404
405 // State for entering a station
406 state *_LN_5 {
407 // Variable for checking all needed permissions
408 int perm_all_next_segments = false;
409 entry / 'println("[trainNum][ST-ST] Entering *_LN_5")';
410 entry / 'railSignal(*_LN_4, FWD, RED)';
411
412 // Region for handling train driving such as above,
413 // only with perm_all_next_segments for permitting more than one track
414 region Travel:
415 initial state Entry
416 --> Continue with 'railContact(*_LN_5,0)' & perm_all_next_segments
417 --> Slowdown with 'railContact(*_LN_5,0)';
418
419 state Slowdown {
420 entry debug / 'println("[trainNum][ST-ST] Slowing down on *_LN_5")';
421 entry / 'railTrack(*_LN_5,FWD,trainNum,CAUTION)';
422 }
423 --> Waiting with 'railContact(*_LN_5,1)'
424 --> Continue with perm_all_next_segments;
425
426 state Waiting {
427 entry debug / 'println("[trainNum][ST-ST] Stopping on *_LN_5")';
428 entry / 'railTrackBrake(*_LN_5)';
429 }
430 --> Continue with perm_all_next_segments;
431
432 final state Continue {
433 entry debug / 'println("[trainNum][ST-ST] Continuing on *_LN_5")';
434 entry i_arrOnTrack == 1 / 'railTrack(*_ST_1,FWD,trainNum,NORMAL)';
435 entry i_arrOnTrack == 2 / 'railTrack(*_ST_2,FWD,trainNum,NORMAL)';
436 entry i_arrOnTrack == 3 / 'railTrack(*_ST_3,FWD,trainNum,NORMAL)';
437 //...
438 entry / arrTrack = i_arrOnTrack;
439 };
440
441 // Region for handling cleanup-functionalities such as above
442 region Cleanup:
443 initial state Entry
444 --> cleanup with 'railContact(*_LN_5,0)';
445
446 final state cleanup {
447 entry debug / 'println("[trainNum][ST-ST] Entered *_LN_5 completely")';
448 entry / 'railTrackOff(*_LN_4)';
449 entry / *_LN_4_req[trainNum] = false;
450 };
451
452 // Region for handling permissions of all needed tracks
453 region Permissions:
454 // State for requesting all needed tracks according to destination track and cleanup-Flag
455 initial state checking {
456 entry / *_ST_0_req[trainNum] = true;
457 entry destTrack == 1 | !cleanup / *_ST_1_req[trainNum] = true;
458 entry destTrack == 2 | !cleanup / *_ST_2_req[trainNum] = true;
459 entry destTrack == 3 | !cleanup / *_ST_3_req[trainNum] = true;
460 }
461 // Transitions for permitted tracks match wished tracks
462 --> success with destTrack == 1 & *_ST_0_perm == trainNum & *_ST_1_perm == trainNum / i_arrOnTrack = 1
463 --> success with destTrack == 2 & *_ST_0_perm == trainNum & *_ST_2_perm == trainNum / i_arrOnTrack = 2
464 --> success with destTrack == 3 & *_ST_0_perm == trainNum & *_ST_3_perm == trainNum / i_arrOnTrack = 3
465 // Transitions for permitted tracks don't match wished tracks
466 --> success with *_ST_0_perm == trainNum & *_ST_1_perm == trainNum / i_arrOnTrack = 1
467 --> success with *_ST_0_perm == trainNum & *_ST_2_perm == trainNum / i_arrOnTrack = 2
468 --> success with *_ST_0_perm == trainNum & *_ST_3_perm == trainNum / i_arrOnTrack = 3
469 // Transition for not all tracks permitted
470 --> resolving with *_ST_0_perm == trainNum | *_ST_3_perm == trainNum | *_ST_2_perm == trainNum | *_ST_1_perm == trainNum;
471
472 // State for waiting an additional tick
473 state resolving
474 --> resolving1;
475
476 // State for releasing track requests
477 state resolving1 {
478 entry / *_ST_0_req[trainNum] = false;
479 entry / *_ST_1_req[trainNum] = false;
480 entry / *_ST_2_req[trainNum] = false;
481 entry / *_ST_3_req[trainNum] = false;
482 }
483 // Transition for trying the requesting again
484 --> checking;
485
486 // State for waiting an additional tick
487 state success
488 --> success1;
489
490 // State for releasing not used track requests
491 final state success1 {
492 entry !(i_arrOnTrack == 1) / *_ST_1_req[trainNum] = false;
493 entry !(i_arrOnTrack == 2) / *_ST_2_req[trainNum] = false;
494 entry !(i_arrOnTrack == 3) / *_ST_3_req[trainNum] = false;
495 // Settting perm_all_next_segments to true
496 entry / perm_all_next_segments = true;
497 };
498 // Transition to station entry states
499 }>-> *_LN_5_*_ST;
500
501 // State waiting for station entry
502 state *_LN_5_*_ST
503 --> Arr_*_ST with i_arrOnTrack == 1 & 'railContact(*_ST_1,0)'
504  --> Arr_*_ST with i_arrOnTrack == 2 & 'railContact(*_ST_2,0)'
505 --> Arr_*_ST with i_arrOnTrack == 3 & 'railContact(*_ST_3,0)';
506
507 // State for setting tracks, points and signals according to i_arrOnTrack
508 // and releasing previous track request
509 state Arr_*_ST {
510 entry / 'railSignal(*_LN_5, FWD, RED)';
511 entry / 'railTrackOff(*_LN_5)';
512 entry / 'railTrack(*_ST_0,FWD,trainNum,SLOW)';
513 entry i_arrOnTrack == 1 / 'railTrack(*_ST_1,FWD,trainNum,SLOW)';
514 entry i_arrOnTrack == 2 / 'railTrack(*_ST_2,FWD,trainNum,SLOW)';
515 entry i_arrOnTrack == 3 / 'railTrack(*_ST_3,FWD,trainNum,SLOW)';
516 entry / *_LN_5_req[trainNum] = false;
517
518 initial state SlowEntry
519 --> Slow with i_arrOnTrack == 1 & 'railContact(*_ST_1,0)'
520 --> Slow with i_arrOnTrack == 2 & 'railContact(*_ST_2,0)'
521 --> Slow with i_arrOnTrack == 3 & 'railContact(*_ST_3,0)';
522
523 // State for switching off previous track and releasing the request
524 state Slow {
525 entry / 'railTrackOff(*_ST_0)';
526 entry / *_ST_0_req[trainNum] = false;
527 }
528 // Transitions to halt state, when train is at second contact of a track segment
529 --> Halt with i_arrOnTrack == 1 & 'railContact(*_ST_1,1)'
530 --> Halt with i_arrOnTrack == 2 & 'railContact(*_ST_2,1)'
531 --> Halt with i_arrOnTrack == 3 & 'railContact(*_ST_3,1)';
532
533
534 final state Halt {
535 // Entry-Actions for braking the train on correct track
536 entry i_arrOnTrack == 1 / 'railTrackBrake(*_ST_1)';
537 entry i_arrOnTrack == 2 / 'railTrackBrake(*_ST_2)';
538 entry i_arrOnTrack == 3 / 'railTrackBrake(*_ST_3)';
539 // Entry-Actions for waiting for timer on correct track
540 entry i_arrOnTrack == 1 / 'railArrival(trainNum, *_ST_1)';
541 entry i_arrOnTrack == 2 / 'railArrival(trainNum, *_ST_2)';
542 entry i_arrOnTrack == 3 / 'railArrival(trainNum, *_ST_3)';
543 };
544 }
545 >-> done;
546
547 state done
548 // Transition to final state, if timer is ready
549 --> reallyDone with 'railDeparture(trainNum)';
550
551 final state reallyDone;
552 }
553 {{/code}}